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ZYLOPRIM ®
Zyloprim
(Allopurinol) is a hyperuricemic agent used in the treatment
of many symptoms of gout, including acute attacks, tophi (collection
of uric acid crystals in the tissues, especially around joints),
joint destruction, and uric acid stones. Gout is a form of
arthritis characterized by increased blood levels of uric
acid. Zyloprim works by reducing uric acid production
in the body, thus preventing crystals from forming. Zyloprim
works by reducing uric acid production in the body, thus preventing
crystals from forming.
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| Product |
Ships |
Rx |
Price |
Order |
| Allopurinol (Generic Zyloprim) 300 MG 30 Tablets |
USA |
Free |
$49 |
 |
| Allopurinol (Generic Zyloprim) 300 MG 60 Tablets |
USA |
Free |
$54 |
|
| Allopurinol (Generic Zyloprim) 300 MG 90 Tablets |
USA |
Free |
$59 |
|
| Zyloprim (Allopurinol) 100mg 30 Tablets |
USA |
Free |
$54 |
|
| Zyloprim (Allopurinol) 100mg 60 Tablets |
USA |
Free |
$64 |
|
| Zyloprim (Allopurinol) 100mg 90 Tablets |
USA |
Free |
$74 |
|
| Zyloprim (Allopurinol) 300mg 30 Tablets |
USA |
Free |
$69 |
|
| Zyloprim (Allopurinol) 300mg 60 Tablets |
USA |
Free |
$89 |
|
| Zyloprim (Allopurinol) 300mg 90 Tablets |
USA |
Free |
$129 |
|
| Generic Allopurinol 100 MG 30 Tablets |
USA |
Free |
$44 |
|
| Generic Allopurinol 100 MG 60 Tablets |
USA |
Free |
$49 |
|
| Generic Allopurinol 100 MG 90 Tablets |
USA |
Free |
$54 |
|
| Allopurinol x 10 300mg |
Global |
Free |
$4 |
|
| Allopurinol x 120 300mg |
Global |
Free |
$48 |
|
| Allopurinol x 180 300mg |
Global |
Free |
$72 |
|
| Allopurinol x 30 300mg |
Global |
Free |
$12 |
|
| Allopurinol x 60 300mg |
Global |
Free |
$24 |
|
| Allopurinol x 90 300mg |
Global |
Free |
$36 |
|
Zyloprim
® is manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline.
Chemical Name : Allopurinol
Important Note
The following information is intended to supplement, not substitute
for, the expertise and judgment of your physician, pharmacist or
other healthcare professional. It should not be construed to indicate
that use of the drug is safe, appropriate, or effective for you.
Consult your healthcare professional before using this drug.
Uses
Zyloprim is used to treat chronic gout and to keep the
body from producing excessive amounts of uric acid, which could
lead to or aggravate various medical problems. It is used to prevent
gout attacks, not to treat them once they occur. Zyloprim
is also used to manage the increased uric acid levels in the blood
of people with certain cancers, such as leukemia. It is also prescribed
to manage some types of kidney stones.
Zyloprim
will not stop a gout attack that is already underway. However, when
taken over a period of several months, this drug will begin to reduce
your symptoms. It's important to keep taking it regularly, even
if it seems to have no immediate effect.
The usual starting dose of Zyloprim is 100 milligrams
once daily. Your doctor may increase your dose by 100 milligrams
per day at 1-week intervals until desired results are attained.
The average dose is 200 to 300 milligrams per day for mild gout
and 400 to 600 milligrams daily for moderate to severe gout. The
most Zyloprim you should take in a day is 800 milligrams.
How
to take this medication
Take Zyloprim exactly as prescribed. Your doctor will
probably start you on a low Zyloprim dosage, increasing
it gradually each week until you reach the Zyloprim dosage
that is best for you. A typical starting Zyloprim dose is one 100-milligram
tablet per day. You may want to take Zyloprim immediately
after a meal to minimize the risk of stomach irritation. You should
avoid taking large doses of Vitamin C because of the increased possibility
of kidney stone formation.
Side
Effects
Side effects cannot be anticipated. Only your doctor can determine
if it is safe for you to continue taking Zyloprim. A skin
reaction, the most common side effect of Zyloprim, may
occasionally become severe or even fatal, you should stop taking
Zyloprim if you notice even the beginnings of a rash.
Such a rash may be itchy or scaly or may make your skin peel off
in sheets; it may be accompanied by chills and fever, aching joints,
or jaundice.
You may experience acute attacks of gout more often in the early
stages of Zyloprim therapy, even when normal uric acid levels have
been attained. These attacks Zyloprim become shorter and
less severe after several months of therapy. A kidney problem may
turn a normal dose of Zyloprim into an overdose. If you
have a kidney disease, or a condition such as diabetes or high blood
pressure that may affect your kidneys, your doctor should prescribe
Zyloprim cautiously and order periodic blood and urine
tests to assess your kidney function.
Precautions
While taking Zyloprim you should drink plenty of liquids--10
to 12 glasses (8 ounces each) per day--unless otherwise prescribed
by your doctor. To help prevent attacks of gout, you should also
avoid beer, wine, and purine-rich foods such as anchovies, sardines,
liver, kidneys, lentils, and sweetbreads.
If you have been taking Colchicine and/or an anti-inflammatory
drug, such as Anaprox, Indocin, and others, to relieve your
gout, your doctor will probably want you to continue taking this
medication while your Zyloprim dosage is being adjusted.
Later, when you have had no attacks of gout for several months,
you may be able to stop taking these other medications. If you have
been taking a drug that promotes the excretion of uric acid in the
urine, such as Probenecid (Benemid) or Sulfinpyrazone
(Anturane), to try to prevent attacks of gout, your doctor
will probably want to reduce or stop your dosage of this drug while
increasing your dosage of Zyloprim.
Zyloprim
appears in breast milk; what effect it may have on a nursing baby
is unknown. Caution is advised when Zyloprim
is taken during breastfeeding.
Drug
Interactions
If Zyloprim
is taken with certain other drugs, the effects of either could be
increased, decreased, or altered. It is especially important to
check with your doctor before combining Zyloprim
with the following: Amoxicillin (Amoxil, Trimox, Wymox), Ampicillin
(Omnipen, Principen), Azathioprine (Imuran), Blood thinners such
as Coumadin, Cyclosporine (Sandimmune, Neoral), Drugs for diabetes,
such as Diabinese and Orinase, Mercaptopurine (Purinethol), Probenecid
(Benemid, ColBENEMID), Sulfinpyrazone (Anturane), Theophylline (Theo-Dur,
Sl,-Phyllin, and others), Thiazide diuretics such as HydroDIURIL,
Diuril, and others, Vitamin C.
Overdose
If overdose is suspected, contact your local poison control center
or emergency room immediately.The following symptoms indicate an
overdose: dizziness; fainting; fast heartbeat.
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose, use it as soon as you remember. If it is near
the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your
usual dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for
a missed one.
Storage
Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly
closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature
and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom).
Throw away any medication that is outdated or no longer needed.
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Gout : How it Affects your Body
Uric acid crystals can deposit in tiny fluid-filled sacs (bursae) around the joints. These urate crystals can incite inflammation in the bursae leading to pain and swelling around the joints, a condition called bursitis. In rare instances, gout leads to a more chronic type of joint inflammation which mimics rheumatoid arthritis. In chronic gout, nodular masses of uric acid crystals (tophi) deposit in different soft tissue areas of the body. Even though they are most commonly found as hard nodules around the fingers, at the tips of the elbows, and around the big toe, tophi nodules can appear anywhere in the body. They have been reported in unexpected areas such as in the ears, vocal cords, or even around the spinal cord!
Cytotoxicity of liver macrophages against liver tumours. Influence of betamethasone, indomethacin and Zyloprim ( Allopurinol )
Macrophage activation with zymosan has an inhibitory effect on tumour take and initial tumour growth in the rat liver. 91 rats with syngeneic transplanted hepatoma in the liver were treated with zymosan (46) or saline (45). Betamethasone (glucocorticoid), indomethacin (prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor), Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) (oxygen radical scavenger) or saline were administered concomitantly.
Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) significantly blocked the zymosan inhibition of tumour take and tumour growth after 7 and 14 days. Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) blocked zymosan induced increased relative spleen weight. It is proposed that the liver macrophage cytotoxicity induced by zymosan is in part mediated via production of oxygen radicals.
Risk Factors for Gout Arthritis
In addition to an inherited abnormality in handling uric acid, other risk factors for developing gout include obesity, excessive weight gain, especially in youth, moderate to heavy alcohol intake, high blood pressure, and abnormal kidney function. Certain drugs, such as thiazide diuretics, low-dose aspirin, niacin, cyclosporine, tuberculosis medications (pyrazinamide and ethambutol), and others can also cause elevated uric acid levels in the blood and lead to gout. Furthermore, certain diseases lead to excessive production of uric acid in the body. Examples of these diseases include leukemias, lymphomas, and hemoglobin disorders.
In patients at risk of developing gout, certain conditions can precipitate acute attacks of gout. These conditions include dehydration, injury to the joint, fever, excessive dining, heavy alcohol intake, and recent surgery. Gout attacks triggered by recent surgery are probably related to changes in the body fluid balance as patients temporarily discontinue normal oral fluid intake in preparation for and after the surgery.
The effects of Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) and SOD on lipid peroxidation and energy metabolism in the liver after ischemia in an aerobic/anaerobic persufflation
This study was aimed at examining the vulnerability of the liver to oxygen-free radicals upon reoxygenation after prolonged ischemia. Treatment with superoxide dismutase (SOD) or Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) resulted in a significant reduction of tissue injury, determined by the enzyme loss, calcium uptake, and lipid peroxidation upon persufflation with O2. Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) also improved the tissue levels of ATP and the sum of adenine nucleotides after aerobic persufflation, whereas SOD did not.
We determined that treatment of immature rats with Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) at 15 min after cerebral hypoxia-ischemia reduces brain damage.
It is concluded that the postischemic liver is susceptible to oxygen-induced free radical injury and that Zyloprim ( Allopurinol ) and SOD promote specific antioxidative protection of the liver, with the exclusion of side effects related to substrates or perfusion modalities.
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